Home Oxygen After Hospitalization for COVID-19: Results From the Multi-Center OXFORD Study.

BACKGROUND: In the first months of the pandemic, prior to the introduction of proven-effective treatments, 15-37% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were discharged on home oxygen. After proven-effective treatments for acute COVID-19 were established by evidence-based guidelines, little remains known about home oxygen requirements following hospitalization for COVID-19. METHODS: This was a retrospective, multi-center cohort study of subjects hospitalized for COVID-19 between October 2020-September 2021 at 3 academic health centers. Information was abstracted from electronic health records at the index hospitalization and for 60 d after discharge. The World Health Organization COVID-19 Clinical Progression Scale score was used to identify patients with severe COVID-19. RESULTS: Of 517 subjects (mean age 58 y, 47% female, 42% Black, 36% Hispanic, 22% with severe COVID-19), 81% were treated with systemic corticosteroids, 61% with remdesivir, and 2.5% with tocilizumab. About one quarter of subjects were discharged on home oxygen (26% [95% CI 22-29]). Older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.02 per 5 y [95% CI 1.02-1.02]), higher body mass index (aOR 1.02 per kg/m2 [1.00-1.04]), diabetes (yes vs no, aOR 1.73 [1.46-2.02]), severe COVID-19 (vs moderate, aOR 3.19 [2.19-4.64]), and treatment with systemic corticosteroids (yes vs no, aOR 30.63 [4.51-208.17]) were associated with an increased odds of discharge on home oxygen. Comorbid hypertension (yes vs no, aOR 0.71 [0.66-0.77) was associated with a decreased odds of home oxygen. Within 60 d of hospital discharge, 50% had documentation of pulse oximetry; in this group, home oxygen was discontinued in 46%. CONCLUSIONS: About one in 41 subjects were prescribed home oxygen after hospitalization for COVID-19, even after guidelines established proven-effective treatments for acute illness. Evidence-based strategies to reduce the requirement for home oxygen in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 are needed.

Crystal structure of 2-[2-(hy-droxy-imino)-1-phenyl-propyl-idene]-N-phen-ylhydrazinecarbo-thio-amide.

In the title compound, C16H16N4OS, an intra-molecular C-H⋯S hydrogen bond is observed. With the exception of the phenyl ring of the phenyl-propyl-idene unit, the remainder of the mol-ecule has an almost planar skeleton with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.121 (5) Šfrom the plane through the remaining 16 atoms. In the crystal O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed between the terminal hy-droxy-imino groups, forming inverson dimers with R 2 (2)(6) graph-set motifs. Additional C-H⋯N contacts stack the dimers along [100]. While no π-π inter-actions are present, weak C-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cg inter-actions are also observed and help stabilize the crystal packing.

The crystal structure of 1-(2-hydroxy-5-meth-oxy-phen-yl)ethanone 4,4-di-methyl-thio-semicarbazone.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H17N3O2S, contains two independent mol-ecules, A and B. Both mol-ecules are nearly planar with the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the thio-amide group and benzene ring being 7.5 (1)° in A and 4.3 (2)° in B. In each mol-ecule, the hy-droxy group participates in intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bonding, while the amino H atom is not involved in hydrogen bonding because of the steric hinderence caused by two neighboring methyl groups. In the crystal, the individual molecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming A-A and B-B inversion dimers. The dimers are linked via C-H⋯π inter-actions which help stabilize the packing.

2-[1-(2-Hy-droxy-4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)ethyl-idene]-N-methyl-hydrazinecarbo-thio-amide.

In the title compound, C11H15N3O2S, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene ring and hydrazinecarbo-thio-amide group is 9.2 (1)°. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond is observed, serving to maintain an approximately planar conformation for the molecule. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by C-H⋯O inter-actions occur. Further C-H⋯O contacts link dimers into (010) chains.